Granular.jl

Julia package for granular dynamics simulation
git clone git://src.adamsgaard.dk/Granular.jl
Log | Files | Refs | README | LICENSE

commit da9da84ecdc288521d70f8711e7acccc88106001
parent e9f1d8d85eb03fe2d1258bc900a3c76fe5a790d1
Author: Anders Damsgaard <andersd@riseup.net>
Date:   Tue, 18 Apr 2017 22:08:39 -0400

Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master'

Diffstat:
M.gitignore | 8++++++++
M.travis.yml | 16++++++++--------
ALICENSE | 674+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
MREADME.md | 19+++++++++++++++++++
MREQUIRE | 5+++++
ASeaIceParaviewFilter.cpd | 200+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Msrc/SeaIce.jl | 35+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
Asrc/arrays.jl | 1+
Asrc/contact_search.jl | 84+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/datatypes.jl | 104+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/grid.jl | 29+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/icefloe.jl | 220+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/interaction.jl | 59+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/io.jl | 64++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/packing.jl | 0
Asrc/simulation.jl | 97+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/temporal.jl | 109+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Asrc/temporal_integration.jl | 69+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Atest/collision-2floes-normal.jl | 27+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
19 files changed, 1810 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore @@ -1,3 +1,11 @@ +# julia-specific files *.jl.cov *.jl.*.cov *.jl.mem +deps/deps.jl + +# editor swap files +*.swp + +# simulation output files +*.vtu diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ julia: - release - nightly notifications: - email: false -# uncomment the following lines to override the default test script -#script: -# - if [[ -a .git/shallow ]]; then git fetch --unshallow; fi -# - julia -e 'Pkg.clone(pwd()); Pkg.build("SeaIce"); Pkg.test("SeaIce"; coverage=true)' -after_success: - # push coverage results to Coveralls + email: + recipients: + - andersd@riseup.net + on_success: never # default: change + on_failure: always # default: always + +# push coverage results to Coveralls - julia -e 'cd(Pkg.dir("SeaIce")); Pkg.add("Coverage"); using Coverage; Coveralls.submit(Coveralls.process_folder())' - # push coverage results to Codecov +# push coverage results to Codecov - julia -e 'cd(Pkg.dir("SeaIce")); Pkg.add("Coverage"); using Coverage; Codecov.submit(Codecov.process_folder())' diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 3, 29 June 2007 + + Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/> + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for +software and other kinds of works. + + The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed +to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + + If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short +notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: + + {project} Copyright (C) {year} {fullname} + This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. + This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it + under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. + +The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate +parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands +might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". + + You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, +if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. +For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see +<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. + + The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program +into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you +may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with +the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General +Public License instead of this License. But first, please read +<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md @@ -5,3 +5,22 @@ [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/anders-dc/SeaIce.jl/badge.svg?branch=master&service=github)](https://coveralls.io/github/anders-dc/SeaIce.jl?branch=master) [![codecov.io](http://codecov.io/github/anders-dc/SeaIce.jl/coverage.svg?branch=master)](http://codecov.io/github/anders-dc/SeaIce.jl?branch=master) + +Toy model for sea-ice thermodynamics and granular mechanics. + +## Installation +Clone the [SeaIce.jl](https://github.com/anders-dc/SeaIce.jl) repository and add +the source folder to your julia path, for example by: + + push!(LOAD_PATH, "/home/user/src/SeaIce.jl/src/") + +If this statement is added to `~/.juliarc.jl`, it will become persistent between +julia sessions. Note that the `~` symbol for the home folder does not seem to +work (julia v. 0.4.1) in the `.juliarc.jl` file. + +Import package contents with: + import SeaIce + +## Author +[Anders Damsgaard](mailto:andersd@riseup.net) +[www.adamsgaard.dk](https://adamsgaard.dk) diff --git a/REQUIRE b/REQUIRE @@ -1 +1,6 @@ julia 0.5 +<<<<<<< HEAD +======= +WriteVTK +NetCDF +>>>>>>> origin/master diff --git a/SeaIceParaviewFilter.cpd b/SeaIceParaviewFilter.cpd @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ +<CustomFilterDefinitions> + <CustomProxyDefinition name="SeaIce" group="filters"> + <CompoundSourceProxy id="6702" servers="1"> + <Proxy group="filters" type="Glyph" id="6613" servers="1" compound_name="Glyph1"> + <Property name="GlyphMode" id="6613.GlyphMode" number_of_elements="1"> + <Element index="0" value="0"/> + <Domain name="enum" id="6613.GlyphMode.enum"> + <Entry value="0" text="All Points"/> + <Entry value="1" text="Every Nth Point"/> + <Entry value="2" text="Uniform Spatial Distribution"/> + </Domain> + </Property> 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-1,5 +1,36 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env julia + +############################## +# Sea-ice dynamics simulator # +############################## + +#= +Add SeaIce to your julia path, e.g. by: + push!(LOAD_PATH, "/home/user/src/seaice/") + +If this statement is added to `~/.juliarc.jl`, it will become persistent between +julia sessions. Note that the `~` symbol for the home folder does not seem to +work (julia v. 0.4.1) in the `.juliarc.jl` file. + +Import package contents with: + import SeaIce + +If this file is changed, reimport it with: + reload("SeaIce") +=# + module SeaIce -# package code goes here +include("datatypes.jl") +include("icefloe.jl") +include("simulation.jl") +include("arrays.jl") +include("grid.jl") +include("packing.jl") +include("contact_search.jl") +include("interaction.jl") +include("temporal.jl") +include("temporal_integration.jl") +include("io.jl") -end # module +end # module end diff --git a/src/arrays.jl b/src/arrays.jl @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +## Global arrays for general simulation data diff --git a/src/contact_search.jl b/src/contact_search.jl @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +## Contact mapping +function findContacts!(simulation::Simulation, + method::String = "all to all") + + if method == "all to all" + findContactsAllToAll!(simulation) + else + error("Unknown contact search method '$method'") + end +end + +function interIceFloePositionVector(simulation::Simulation, + i::Integer, j::Integer) + return simulation.ice_floes[j].lin_pos - simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos +end + +""" +position_ij is the inter-grain position vector, and can be found with +interIceFloePositionVector(). +""" +function findOverlap(simulation::Simulation, i::Integer, j::Integer, + position_ij::vector) + return norm(position_ij) - (simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius + + simulation.ice_floes[j].contact_radius) +end + +function findContactsAllToAll!(simulation::Simulation) + + for i = 1:length(simulation.ice_floes) + + # Check contacts with other grains + for j = 1:length(simulation.ice_floes) + if i < j + + # Inter-grain position vector and grain overlap + position_ij = interIceFloePositionVector(simulation, i, j) + overlap_ij = findOverlap(simulation, i, j, position_ij) + + # Check if grains overlap (overlap when negative) + if overlap_ij < 0.0 + push!(simulation.contact_pairs, [i, j]) + push!(simulation.overlaps, + overlap_ij*position_ij/norm(position_ij)) + end + end + end + end +end + +""" +Check contacts with world boundaries (walls). Contacts are stored in +g_wall_contacts with the format [i, w], where i is the grain number and w is the +wall number. The walls are orthorectangular. The wall at negative x is called +-1, and 1 at positive x. For negative y it is called -2, and 2 at positive y. +For negative z it is called -3, and 3 at positive z. +""" +function findIceFloeWallContacts(simulation::Simulation) + + for i = 1:length(g_radius) + + # Overlap with origo + if (simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos[1] - + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius - simulation.origo[1] + < 0.0) + push!(simulation.wall_contacts, [i, -1]) + end + + if (simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos[2] - + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius - simulation.origo[2] < 0.0) + push!(simulation.ice_floes[i].wall_contacts, [i, -2]) + end + + # Overlap with world_size + if (simulation.world_size[1] - simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos[1] - + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius < 0.0) + push!(simulation.ice_floes[i].wall_contacts, [i, 1]) + end + + if (simulation.world_size[2] - simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos[2] - + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius < 0.0) + push!(simulation.ice_floes[i].wall_contacts, [i, 2]) + end + end +end diff --git a/src/datatypes.jl b/src/datatypes.jl @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +# Define floating point data types +const float = Float64 +const vector = Array{Float64, 1} + +## Particle composite types + +type IceFloeCylindrical + + # Material properties + density::float + + # Geometrical parameters + thickness::float + contact_radius::float + areal_radius::float + surface_area::float + volume::float + mass::float + moment_of_inertia::float + + # Linear kinematic degrees of freedom along horizontal plane + lin_pos::vector + lin_vel::vector + lin_acc::vector + force::vector + + # Angular kinematic degrees of freedom for vertical rotation around center + ang_pos::float + ang_vel::float + ang_acc::float + torque::float + + # Kinematic constraint flags + fixed::Bool + rotating::Bool + + # Rheological parameters + contact_stiffness_normal::float + contact_stiffness_tangential::float + contact_viscosity_normal::float + contact_viscosity_tangential::float + contact_static_friction::float + contact_dynamic_friction::float +end + +# Type for gathering data from ice floe objects into single arrays +type IceFloeArrays + + # Material properties + density + + # Geometrical parameters + thickness + contact_radius + areal_radius + surface_area + volume + mass + moment_of_inertia + + # Linear kinematic degrees of freedom along horizontal plane + lin_pos + lin_vel + lin_acc + force + + # Angular kinematic degrees of freedom for vertical rotation around center + ang_pos + ang_vel + ang_acc + torque + + # Kinematic constraint flags + fixed + rotating + + # Rheological parameters + contact_stiffness_normal + contact_stiffness_tangential + contact_viscosity_normal + contact_viscosity_tangential + contact_static_friction + contact_dynamic_friction +end + +## Top-level simulation type + +# Simulation-scope data +type Simulation + id::String + + time_iteration::Int + time::Float64 + time_total::Float64 + time_step::Float64 + file_time_step::Float64 # 0.0: no output files + file_number::Int + + ice_floes::Array{IceFloeCylindrical, 1} + contact_pairs::Array{Array{Int, 1}, 1} + overlaps::Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1} + wall_contacts::Array{Array{Int, 1}, 1} +end + diff --git a/src/grid.jl b/src/grid.jl @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +function fitWorldSize(margin::vector = zeros(3)) + + if length(g_radius) < 1 + error("At least a single grain must be added before setting world + size.") + end + + minpos = [Inf, Inf, Inf] + maxpos = [-Inf, -Inf, -Inf] + for i = 1:length(g_radius) + + min_position = g_position[i]::vector - g_radius[i]::float + max_position = g_position[i]::vector + g_radius[i]::float + + for i = 1:3 + if min_position[i] < g_origo[i] + g_origo[i] = min_position[i] + end + + if max_position[i] > g_world_size[i] + g_world_size[i] = max_position[i] + end + end + end + + g_origo[:] = minpos[:] - margin[:] + g_world_size[:] = maxpos[:] + margin[:] +end + diff --git a/src/icefloe.jl b/src/icefloe.jl @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ +## Manage icefloes in the model + +""" +Adds a grain to the simulation. Example: + + SeaIce.addIceFloeCylindrical([1.0, 2.0, 3.0], 1.0) +""" +function addIceFloeCylindrical(simulation::Simulation, + lin_pos::vector, + contact_radius::float, + thickness::float; + areal_radius = false, + lin_vel::vector = [0., 0.], + lin_acc::vector = [0., 0.], + force::vector = [0., 0.], + ang_pos::float = 0., + ang_vel::float = 0., + ang_acc::float = 0., + torque::float = 0., + density::float = 934., + contact_stiffness_normal::float = 1.e6, + contact_stiffness_tangential::float = 1.e6, + contact_viscosity_normal::float = 0., + contact_viscosity_tangential::float = 0., + contact_static_friction::float = 0.4, + contact_dynamic_friction::float = 0.4, + fixed::Bool = false, + rotating::Bool = true, + verbose::Bool = true) + + # Check input values + if length(lin_pos) != 2 + error("Linear position must be a two-element array (lin_pos = ", + "$lin_pos)") + end + if length(lin_vel) != 2 + error("Linear velocity must be a two-element array (lin_vel = ", + "$lin_vel)") + end + if length(lin_acc) != 2 + error("Linear acceleration must be a two-element array (lin_acc = ", + "$lin_acc)") + end + if length(ang_pos) != 1 + error("Angular position must be a scalar (ang_pos = $ang_pos)") + end + if length(ang_vel) != 1 + error("Angular velocity must be a scalar (ang_vel = $ang_vel)") + end + if length(ang_acc) != 1 + error("Angular acceleration must be a scalar (ang_acc = $ang_acc)") + end + if contact_radius <= 0.0 + error("Radius must be greater than 0.0 (radius = $contact_radius m)") + end + if density <= 0.0 + error("Density must be greater than 0.0 (density = $density kg/m^3)") + end + + if !areal_radius + areal_radius = contact_radius + end + + + # Create icefloe object with placeholder values for surface area, volume, + # mass, and moment of inertia. + icefloe = IceFloeCylindrical(density, + + thickness, + contact_radius, + areal_radius, + 1.0, # surface_area + 1.0, # volume + 1.0, # mass + 1.0, # moment_of_inertia + lin_pos, + lin_vel, + lin_acc, + force, + + ang_pos, + ang_vel, + ang_acc, + torque, + + fixed, + rotating, + + contact_stiffness_normal, + contact_stiffness_tangential, + contact_viscosity_normal, + contact_viscosity_tangential, + contact_static_friction, + contact_dynamic_friction + ) + + # Overwrite previous placeholder values + icefloe.surface_area = iceFloeSurfaceArea(icefloe) + icefloe.volume = iceFloeVolume(icefloe) + icefloe.mass = iceFloeMass(icefloe) + icefloe.moment_of_inertia = iceFloeMomentOfInertia(icefloe) + + # Add to simulation object + addIceFloe!(simulation, icefloe, verbose) +end + +function iceFloeSurfaceArea(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return pi*icefloe.areal_radius^2. +end + +function iceFloeVolume(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return iceFloeSurfaceArea(icefloe)*icefloe.thickness +end + +function iceFloeMass(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return iceFloeVolume(icefloe)*icefloe.density +end + +function iceFloeMomentOfInertia(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return 0.5*iceFloeMass(icefloe)*icefloe.areal_radius^2. +end + +function convertIceFloeDataToArrays(simulation::Simulation) + + ifarr = IceFloeArrays( + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + zeros(Float64, 3, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + + Array(Int, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Int, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes)), + Array(Float64, length(simulation.ice_floes))) + + # fill arrays + for i=1:length(simulation.ice_floes) + ifarr.density[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].density + + ifarr.thickness[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].thickness + ifarr.contact_radius[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_radius + ifarr.areal_radius[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].areal_radius + ifarr.surface_area[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].surface_area + ifarr.volume[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].volume + ifarr.mass[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].mass + ifarr.moment_of_inertia[i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].moment_of_inertia + + ifarr.lin_pos[1:2, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_pos + ifarr.lin_vel[1:2, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_vel + ifarr.lin_acc[1:2, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].lin_acc + ifarr.force[1:2, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].force + + ifarr.ang_pos[3, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].ang_pos + ifarr.ang_vel[3, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].ang_vel + ifarr.ang_acc[3, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].ang_acc + ifarr.torque[3, i] = simulation.ice_floes[i].torque + + ifarr.fixed[i] = Int(simulation.ice_floes[i].fixed) + ifarr.rotating[i] = Int(simulation.ice_floes[i].rotating) + + ifarr.contact_stiffness_normal[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_stiffness_normal + ifarr.contact_stiffness_tangential[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_stiffness_tangential + ifarr.contact_viscosity_normal[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_viscosity_normal + ifarr.contact_viscosity_tangential[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_viscosity_tangential + ifarr.contact_static_friction[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_static_friction + ifarr.contact_dynamic_friction[i] = + simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_dynamic_friction + end + + return ifarr +end + +function iceFloeKineticTranslationalEnergy(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return 0.5*icefloe.mass*norm(icefloe.lin_vel)^2. +end + +function totalIceFloeKineticTranslationalEnergy(simulation::Simulation) + E_sum = 0 + for icefloe in simulation.ice_floes + E_sum += iceFloeKineticTranslationalEnergy(icefloe) + end + return E_sum +end + +function iceFloeKineticRotationalEnergy(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical) + return 0.5*icefloe.moment_of_inertia*norm(icefloe.ang_vel)^2. +end + +function totalIceFloeKineticRotationalEnergy(simulation::Simulation) + E_sum = 0 + for icefloe in simulation.ice_floes + E_sum += iceFloeKineticRotationalEnergy(icefloe) + end + return E_sum +end diff --git a/src/interaction.jl b/src/interaction.jl @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +## Interaction functions + +""" +Resolve mechanical interaction between all grain pairs and walls. +""" +function interact!(simulation::Simulation) + contact_pair = Array{Integer, 1} + #overlap_ij = float + + # IceFloe to grain collisions + while !isempty(simulation.contact_pairs) + contact_pair = pop!(simulation.contact_pairs) + overlap_vector = pop!(simulation.overlaps) + interactIceFloes!(simulation, contact_pair[1], contact_pair[2], + overlap_vector) + end + + # IceFloe to wall collisions + while !isempty(simulation.wall_contacts) + contact_pair = pop!(simulation.wall_contacts) + interactIceFloeWall!(simulation, contact_pair[1], contact_pair[2]) + end +end + +""" +Resolve an grain-to-grain interaction using a prescibed contact law. +""" +function interactIceFloes!(simulation::Simulation, + i::Integer, j::Integer, + overlap_vector::Array{Float64, 1}; + contact_normal::String = "LinearElastic") + + force = zeros(2) + + if contact_normal == "None" + # do nothing + + elseif contact_normal == "LinearElastic" + force = interactNormalLinearElastic(simulation, i, j, overlap_vector) + + else + error("Unknown contact_normal interaction model '$contact_normal'") + end + + simulation.ice_floes[i].force += force; + simulation.ice_floes[j].force -= force; + +end + +function interactNormalLinearElastic(simulation::Simulation, + i::Integer, j::Integer, + overlap_vector::vector) + + k_n_i = simulation.ice_floes[i].contact_stiffness_normal + k_n_j = simulation.ice_floes[j].contact_stiffness_normal + k_n_harmonic_mean = 2.*k_n_i*k_n_j/(k_n_i + k_n_j) + + return k_n_harmonic_mean * overlap_vector +end diff --git a/src/io.jl b/src/io.jl @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +import WriteVTK # Install with Pkg.add("WriteVTK") + +## IO functions + +function writeVTK(simulation::Simulation; + folder::String=".", + verbose::Bool=false) + + simulation.file_number += 1 + filename = string(folder, "/", simulation.id, ".", simulation.file_number) + + ifarr = convertIceFloeDataToArrays(simulation) + + # write to disk + vtkfile = WriteVTK.vtk_grid(filename, ifarr.lin_pos, WriteVTK.MeshCell[]) + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.density, "Density [kg m^-3]") + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.thickness, "Thickness [m]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_radius*2., + "Diameter (contact) [m]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.areal_radius*2., + "Diameter (areal) [m]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.surface_area, "Surface area [m^2]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.volume, "Volume [m^3]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.mass, "Mass [kg]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.moment_of_inertia, + "Moment of inertia [kg m^2]") + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.lin_vel, "Linear velocity [m s^-1]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.lin_acc, + "Linear acceleration [m s^-2]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.force, "Sum of forces [N]") + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.ang_pos, "Angular position [rad]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.ang_vel, + "Angular velocity [rad s^-1]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.ang_acc, + "Angular acceleration [rad s^-2]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.torque, "Sum of torques [N*m]") + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.fixed, "Fixed in space [-]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.rotating, "Free to rotate [-]") + + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_stiffness_normal, + "Contact stiffness (normal) [N m^-1]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_stiffness_tangential, + "Contact stiffness (tangential) [N m^-1]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_viscosity_normal, + "Contact viscosity (normal) [N m^-1 s]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_viscosity_tangential, + "Contact viscosity (tangential) [N m^-1 s]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_static_friction, + "Contact friction (static) [-]") + WriteVTK.vtk_point_data(vtkfile, ifarr.contact_dynamic_friction, + "Contact friction (dynamic) [-]") + + outfiles = WriteVTK.vtk_save(vtkfile) + if verbose + println("Output file: " * outfiles[1]) + else + return nothing + end +end diff --git a/src/packing.jl b/src/packing.jl diff --git a/src/simulation.jl b/src/simulation.jl @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +## General simulation functions + +function createSimulation(;id::String="unnamed", + time_iteration::Int=0, + time::Float64=0.0, + time_total::Float64=-1., + time_step::Float64=-1., + file_time_step::Float64=-1., + file_number::Int=0, + ice_floes=Array{IceFloeCylindrical, 1}[], + contact_pairs=Array{Int64, 1}[], + overlaps=Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}[], + wall_contacts=Array{Int64, 1}[]) + + return Simulation(id, + time_iteration, + time, + time_total, + time_step, + file_time_step, + file_number, + ice_floes, + contact_pairs, + overlaps, + wall_contacts) +end + +function run!(simulation::Simulation; + verbose::Bool = true, + status_interval = 100., + show_file_output = true, + single_step=false) + + if single_step && simulation.time >= simulation.time_total + simulation.time_total += simulation.time_step + end + + checkTimeParameters(simulation) + if simulation.file_time_step > 0.0 + writeVTK(simulation, verbose=show_file_output) + end + + time_since_output_file = 0.0 + + while simulation.time <= simulation.time_total + + if simulation.file_time_step > 0.0 && + time_since_output_file >= simulation.file_time_step + + writeVTK(simulation, verbose=show_file_output) + time_since_output_file = 0.0 + end + + if verbose && simulation.time_iteration % status_interval == 0 + print("\r t = ", simulation.time, '/', simulation.time_total, + " s ") + end + + findContacts!(simulation) + interact!(simulation) + updateIceFloeKinematics!(simulation) + + # Update time variables + simulation.time_iteration += 1 + simulation.time += simulation.time_step + time_since_output_file = time_since_output_file + simulation.time_step + + if single_step + if verbose + println("Current time: ", simulation.time) + end + return + end + end + if verbose + println() + end +end + +function addIceFloe!(simulation::Simulation, + icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical, + verbose::Bool = False) + # Append icefloe to global icefloe array + push!(simulation.ice_floes, icefloe) + + if verbose + info("Added IceFloe $(length(simulation.ice_floes))") + end +end + +function removeIceFloe!(simulation::Simulation, i::Integer) + if i < 1 + error("Index must be greater than 0 (i = $i)") + end + + delete!(simulation.ice_floes, i) +end diff --git a/src/temporal.jl b/src/temporal.jl @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +## Set temporal parameters +function setTotalTime!(simulation::Simulation, t::float) + if t <= 0.0 + error("Total time should be a positive value (t = $t s)") + end + simulation.time_total = t +end + +function setCurrentTime!(simulation::Simulation, t::float) + if t <= 0.0 + error("Current time should be a positive value (t = $t s)") + end + simulation.time = t +end + +function incrementCurrentTime!(simulation::Simulation, t::float) + if t <= 0.0 + error("Current time increment should be a positive value (t = $t s)") + end + simulation.time = simulation.time + t +end + +function setOutputFileInterval!(simulation::Simulation, t::float) + if t <= 0.0 + info("The output file interval should be a positive value (t = $t s)") + end + simulation.file_time_step = t +end + +function disableOutputFiles!(simulation::Simulation) + simulation.file_time_step = 0.0 +end + +function checkTimeParameters(simulation::Simulation) + if simulation.time_total <= 0.0 || simulation.time_total <= simulation.time + error("Total time should be positive and larger than current time.\n", + " t_total = ", simulation.time_total, " s, t = ", simulation.time, + " s") + end + if simulation.time_step <= 0.0 + error("Time step should be positive (t = ", simulation.time_step, ")") + end +end + +function findSmallestIceFloeMass(simulation::Simulation) + m_min = 1e20 + i_min = -1 + for i in length(simulation.ice_floes) + icefloe = simulation.ice_floes[i] + if icefloe.mass < m_min + m_min = icefloe.mass + i_min = i + end + end + return m_min, i_min +end + +function findLargestIceFloeStiffness(simulation::Simulation) + k_n_max = 0. + k_t_max = 0. + i_n_max = -1 + i_t_max = -1 + for i in length(simulation.ice_floes) + icefloe = simulation.ice_floes[i] + if icefloe.contact_stiffness_normal > k_n_max + k_n_max = icefloe.contact_stiffness_normal + i_n_max = i + end + if icefloe.contact_stiffness_tangential > k_t_max + k_t_max = icefloe.contact_stiffness_tangential + i_t_max = i + end + end + return k_n_max, k_t_max, i_n_max, i_t_max +end + +""" +Find the computational time step length suitable given the grain radii, contact +stiffnesses, and grain density. Uses the scheme by Radjaii et al. 2011. +""" +function setTimeStep!(simulation::Simulation; + epsilon::float=0.07, verbose::Bool=true) + + if length(simulation.ice_floes) < 1 + error("At least 1 grain is needed to find the computational time step.") + end + + k_n_max, k_t_max, _, _ = findLargestIceFloeStiffness(simulation) + m_min, _ = findSmallestIceFloeMass(simulation) + + simulation.time_step = epsilon/(sqrt(maximum([k_n_max, k_t_max])/m_min)) + + if simulation.time_step <= 1.0e-20 + error("Time step too small or negative (", simulation.time_step, " s)") + end + + if verbose + info("Time step length t=", simulation.time_step, " s") + end +end + +""" +Perform temporal integration for all grains. +""" +function updateKinematics!(simulation::Simulation) + for i = 1:length(simulation.ice_floes) + updateIceFloeKinematics(simulation.ice_floes[i]) + end +end diff --git a/src/temporal_integration.jl b/src/temporal_integration.jl @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +""" +Update the ice floe kinematic parameters using a temporal integration scheme, +the current force and torque balance, and gravitational acceleration. +""" +function updateIceFloeKinematics!(simulation::Simulation; + method::String = "Three-term Taylor") + + if method == "Two-term Taylor" + for ice_floe in simulation.ice_floes + updateIceFloeKinematicsTwoTermTaylor(ice_floe, simulation) + end + elseif method == "Three-term Taylor" + for ice_floe in simulation.ice_floes + updateIceFloeKinematicsThreeTermTaylor(ice_floe, simulation) + end + else + error("Unknown integration method '$method'") + end +end + +function updateIceFloeKinematicsTwoTermTaylor(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical, + simulation::Simulation) + icefloe.lin_acc = icefloe.force/icefloe.mass + icefloe.ang_acc = icefloe.torque/icefloe.moment_of_inertia + + icefloe.lin_pos += + icefloe.lin_vel * simulation.time_step + + 0.5*icefloe.lin_acc * simulation.time_step^2.0 + icefloe.ang_pos += + icefloe.ang_vel * simulation.time_step + + 0.5*icefloe.ang_acc * simulation.time_step^2.0 + + icefloe.lin_vel += icefloe.lin_acc * simulation.time_step + icefloe.ang_vel += icefloe.ang_acc * simulation.time_step +end + +function updateIceFloeKinematicsThreeTermTaylor(icefloe::IceFloeCylindrical, + simulation::Simulation) + + if simulation.time_iteration == 0 + lin_acc_0 = zeros(2) + ang_acc_0 = 0. + else + lin_acc_0 = icefloe.lin_acc + ang_acc_0 = icefloe.ang_acc + end + + icefloe.lin_acc = icefloe.force/icefloe.mass + icefloe.ang_acc = icefloe.torque/icefloe.moment_of_inertia + + # Temporal gradient in acceleration using backwards differences + d_lin_acc_dt = (icefloe.lin_acc - lin_acc_0)/simulation.time_step + d_ang_acc_dt = (icefloe.ang_acc - ang_acc_0)/simulation.time_step + + icefloe.lin_pos += + icefloe.lin_vel * simulation.time_step + + 0.5 * icefloe.lin_acc * simulation.time_step^2. + + 1./6. * d_lin_acc_dt * simulation.time_step^3. + icefloe.ang_pos += + icefloe.ang_vel * simulation.time_step + + 0.5 * icefloe.ang_acc * simulation.time_step^2. + + 1./6. * d_ang_acc_dt * simulation.time_step^3. + + icefloe.lin_vel += icefloe.lin_acc * simulation.time_step + + 0.5 * d_lin_acc_dt * simulation.time_step^2. + icefloe.ang_vel += icefloe.ang_acc * simulation.time_step + + 0.5 * d_ang_acc_dt * simulation.time_step^2. +end + diff --git a/test/collision-2floes-normal.jl b/test/collision-2floes-normal.jl @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env julia + +# Check for conservation of kinetic energy (=momentum) during a normal collision +# between two ice cylindrical ice floes + +push!(LOAD_PATH, "../src/") + +import Base.Test +import SeaIce + +sim = SeaIce.createSimulation(id="test") +SeaIce.addIceFloeCylindrical(sim, [ 0., 0.], 10., 1.) +SeaIce.addIceFloeCylindrical(sim, [20., 0.], 10., 1.) +sim.ice_floes[1].lin_vel[1] = 1. + +E_kin_lin_init = SeaIce.totalIceFloeKineticTranslationalEnergy(sim) +E_kin_rot_init = SeaIce.totalIceFloeKineticRotationalEnergy(sim) + +SeaIce.setTimeStep!(sim) +SeaIce.setTotalTime!(sim, 1.0) +SeaIce.run!(sim) + +E_kin_lin_final = SeaIce.totalIceFloeKineticTranslationalEnergy(sim) +E_kin_rot_final = SeaIce.totalIceFloeKineticRotationalEnergy(sim) + +Base.Test.@test_approx_eq E_kin_lin_init E_kin_lin_final +Base.Test.@test_approx_eq E_kin_rot_init E_kin_rot_final